How to Get a Class B Driver's License

What a Class B License Lets You Drive

A Class B license is a commercial driver's license (CDL) that lets you operate certain medium-duty vehicles for pay. The exact vehicles covered depend on your state, but Class B typically includes straight trucks (single-unit trucks without a trailer), large buses, and some dump trucks — basically commercial vehicles heavier than a regular car but lighter than the tractor-trailers that require a Class A CDL.

You need a Class B if your job involves driving these vehicles commercially. If you drive one for personal use only, you may not need it. The distinction matters: operating a commercial vehicle without the proper class of license can result in fines, license suspension, and criminal charges in some states.

The path to a Class B involves written tests, a skills test, and medical certification. Most states require you to hold a regular driver's license first. The whole process typically takes several weeks to a few months, depending on how quickly you schedule your tests and whether you need to retake any portion.

Key Takeaways

You must hold a valid regular driver's license and pass a Department of Transportation medical exam before you can test for a Class B CDL.
The written test covers vehicle operation, safety rules, and air brake systems (if your vehicle has them), and you study from your state's CDL manual.
The skills test includes a pre-trip inspection, a basic control test in a parking lot, and a road test — all performed in the actual vehicle you will drive.
You will need to visit your state's DMV or licensing office to register for tests, pay fees (typically $50 to $200 total), and receive your CDL once you pass.
Some states allow you to take the written test at a third-party testing site, but the skills test must be done through your state's official CDL program.

Step 1: Get Your Medical Certification

Before you can even schedule a written test, you need a Department of Transportation (DOT) medical certificate. This is not optional — without it, your CDL process will be rejected. You obtain this by visiting a DOT-certified medical examiner (not your regular doctor) who will check your vision, hearing, blood pressure, and general health. The exam takes about 30 minutes.

The examiner will give you a medical certificate (also called a Medical Examiner's Certificate or MEC) valid for two years. Bring this certificate with you when you explore for your CDL. If you fail the medical exam, you may be able to retake it with a different examiner or after addressing the issue flagged (for example, getting glasses if your vision is correctable).

Costs vary by state and examiner, typically ranging from $50 to $150. Some employers cover this cost for new hires; ask your employer before paying out of pocket.

Step 2: Study and Pass the Written Test

Your state's DMV publishes a CDL manual (free, online or in print) that covers everything on the written test. For a Class B, you will answer questions about vehicle operation, safety procedures, cargo handling, and air brake systems. The test is usually 50 questions, and you typically need to score 80 percent or higher to pass.

The written test is computer-based at most DMV offices. You schedule an appointment, show up with your medical certificate and regular driver's license, and take the test on a computer terminal. Some states allow you to take it at a third-party testing vendor instead of the DMV, which can mean shorter wait times. Results are usually available when ready.

If you fail, you can retake it after a waiting period (usually 7 to 14 days, depending on your state). There is no limit to how many times you can retake it, but each attempt costs a fee.

Step 3: Schedule and Pass the Skills Test

Once you pass the written test, you are cleared to schedule your skills test, which must be conducted by your state's official CDL testing program. This test has three parts, all performed in the actual vehicle you will be driving: the pre-trip inspection, the basic control test, and the road test.

The pre-trip inspection requires you to walk around and inside the vehicle, pointing out and explaining the function of key components (lights, brakes, mirrors, tires, coupling devices if applicable). You are demonstrating that you know the vehicle and can spot problems before driving.

The basic control test takes place in a closed course or parking lot. You will perform maneuvers like backing in a straight line, backing into an alley dock, and parking between cones. These test your ability to control a larger vehicle in tight spaces.

The road test is a 30- to 60-minute drive on public roads with an examiner in the vehicle. You will demonstrate normal driving, lane changes, turns, braking, and responses to traffic situations. The examiner is looking for safe, legal operation and awareness of the vehicle's size and weight.

What to Bring to Your Tests

For the written test, bring your regular driver's license, your DOT medical certificate, and any required identification (passport, state ID, or birth certificate depending on your state's REAL ID rules). Bring the same documents to your skills test, plus proof of vehicle insurance for the vehicle you will be tested in.

For the skills test, you must provide the actual vehicle you will be driving. It must be in safe, working condition and match the class of license you are testing for. If you do not own the vehicle, your employer or a training school can provide it. The vehicle must be registered and insured.

Some states require you to bring additional documents, such as proof of residency or a completed CDL process form. Check your state's DMV website for the exact list before you go.

Fees and Timeline

The total cost of obtaining a Class B CDL varies by state but typically falls between $150 and $400. This includes the medical exam ($50–$150), the written test fee ($20–$50), and the skills test fee ($100–$200). Some states charge a CDL issuance fee as well ($20–$100).

The timeline depends on how quickly you can schedule appointments. The written test can often be scheduled within days or weeks. The skills test usually has a longer wait — anywhere from two weeks to two months depending on your state's testing capacity and how busy the local office is. If you fail any test, add time for studying and retesting.

Many people complete the entire process in 4 to 8 weeks if they pass on the first attempt. If you need to retake a test or if your state has a backlog, it can stretch to 3 to 6 months.

Training Programs and Third-Party Testing

You are not required to attend a formal CDL training school to get a Class B license, but many people do because it increases the odds of passing the skills test on the first attempt. Training schools teach you how to operate the vehicle, what to expect on the test, and how to perform the pre-trip inspection correctly. A typical program runs 3 to 6 weeks and costs $3,000 to $8,000.

Some states allow third-party testing sites (often private driving schools) to administer the written test, which can reduce wait times at the DMV. However, the skills test must always be administered by your state's official CDL program — you cannot test at a private facility for that portion.

If your employer is hiring you as a commercial driver, ask whether they offer training or will reimburse training costs. Many large companies do, especially if you commit to working for them for a set period after obtaining your license.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need a Class B license if I drive a company truck but do not own it?

Yes. The license requirement is based on the vehicle type and whether you are driving it for pay, not on ownership. If your job involves driving a medium-duty commercial vehicle, you need the appropriate CDL regardless of who owns the truck.

What happens if I fail the skills test?

You can retake it after a waiting period (usually 7 to 14 days). There is no limit to how many attempts you get, but each attempt costs a fee. Many people pass on the second or third try after getting more practice or training.

Can I use my Class B license to drive a regular car?

Yes. A CDL does not replace your regular driver's license — it adds to it. You can drive any vehicle your regular license permits, plus the commercial vehicles your CDL class covers.

How long is a Class B license valid?

A CDL is typically valid for four or eight years, depending on your state. Your medical certificate must be renewed every two years, so you will need to visit a DOT medical examiner before your certificate expires, even if your CDL itself is still valid.

What if I move to a different state after getting my Class B?

You can transfer your CDL to another state by visiting that state's DMV with your current CDL and proof of residency. You do not need to retake the tests. However, some states may require you to pass a written test on their specific traffic laws. Check the new state's DMV website for transfer requirements.

This guide is for general information only and is not medical, financial, legal, or other professional advice. For decisions specific to your situation, consult a qualified professional. See our Editorial Policy.