You can start a CDL truck driving career without experience, but you must first earn your Commercial Driver's License through a training program, then find a company willing to hire you as a new driver.
Most trucking companies will not hire you without a valid CDL. The license itself requires passing a written test and a skills test (pre-trip inspection, backing, and road driving). You cannot test for a CDL without first completing a training program — either a formal truck driving school or, in some cases, an employer-sponsored program. After you hold the CDL, companies that hire inexperienced drivers exist, but they are selective about who they take on and what they expect from you during your first months on the road.
The path breaks into three stages: getting trained, obtaining your CDL, and landing your first job. Each stage has real costs and timelines you should understand before you commit.
Key Takeaways
- You must complete a truck driving school or employer training program before you can test for a CDL; you cannot test without proof of training.
- Truck driving schools typically cost between $3,000 and $7,000 and take three to eight weeks to complete, depending on the program length and your pace.
- Some trucking companies offer paid training programs where they cover tuition in exchange for a contract requiring you to work for them for a set period (usually one to three years).
- Entry-level trucking jobs are available, but most companies require you to pass a background check, medical exam, and drug test before hiring.
- Your first job will likely involve regional or local routes rather than long-haul work, and you may be paired with an experienced driver for your first weeks.
Training Programs: School-Based vs. Employer-Sponsored
You have two main routes to get trained: attend an independent truck driving school or enroll in an employer-sponsored program run by a trucking company. Independent schools charge tuition upfront and take three to eight weeks. Employer-sponsored programs are free or low-cost because the company pays for your training, but they require you to sign a contract committing you to work for that company for a set period — typically one to three years.
Independent schools give you flexibility to choose your employer after graduation. You pay out of pocket, but you owe no company your labor. Employer programs eliminate the tuition burden but lock you into working for one carrier. If you leave before your contract ends, you may owe back tuition or face a penalty. Research both the school's reputation and the company's contract terms before signing.
Most programs include classroom instruction on safety, regulations, and vehicle systems, plus behind-the-wheel training with a professional instructor. The school arranges your CDL test appointment and prepares you for the written and skills exams. Some schools offer job placement information after you pass your CDL test, connecting you with hiring companies.
The CDL Written and Skills Tests
After training, you must pass two tests to earn your CDL: a written knowledge test and a practical skills test. The written test covers traffic laws, safe driving practices, and vehicle maintenance specific to commercial trucks. You take this at your state's Department of Motor Vehicles or testing center. The skills test includes a pre-trip inspection (you walk around the truck and point out safety features), a backing exercise (you maneuver the truck into tight spaces), and a road test where an examiner rides with you.
Your training program prepares you for both tests and typically includes practice exams. You must pass the written test before scheduling the skills test. If you fail either test, you can retake it, but there are usually fees per attempt. Most people pass both on their first or second try if they completed a reputable training program.
Your state's CDL manual is free and available online. Some people study it on their own before attending school, which can help you move faster through the classroom portion.
What Trucking Companies Look for in New Drivers
Companies that hire inexperienced CDL holders still have strict requirements. You must pass a background check, a Department of Transportation (DOT) medical exam, and a drug test. A clean driving record helps — moving violations or accidents in your personal vehicle can disqualify you. Some companies will hire drivers with minor infractions, but serious violations (DUIs, reckless driving) are usually permanent disqualifiers.
Most entry-level positions start you on regional or local routes, not long-haul work. You may be assigned to run the same territory repeatedly, which means you return home most nights or several times per week. Some companies pair new drivers with experienced mentors for the first 50,000 to 100,000 miles. This mentoring period is unpaid or paid at a reduced rate, but it gives you real-world experience and improves your chances of staying employed long-term.
Companies also consider your age (you must be at least 21 for interstate driving, 18 for intrastate), your ability to pass a physical exam, and your willingness to follow company policies. Honesty during the hiring process matters — lying about your history or experience can result in when ready termination.
Entry-Level Pay and Contract Terms
Starting pay for inexperienced drivers varies widely by company and region, typically ranging from $35,000 to $50,000 per year. Pay is often calculated by the mile (cents per mile) rather than hourly wages. New drivers usually earn less per mile than experienced drivers because they are considered higher-risk. As you build experience and a clean record, your pay increases.
If you entered through an employer-sponsored training program, your contract will specify how long you must work for that company. Breaking the contract early can result in owing tuition repayment, sometimes thousands of dollars. Read the contract carefully before signing. Some companies offer sign-on bonuses for new drivers, but these are often clawed back if you leave within a certain timeframe.
Benefits vary by company. Some offer health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off from day one. Others have waiting periods or require you to meet mileage thresholds before benefits kick in. Ask about benefits during the hiring process.
Finding Companies That Hire New Drivers
Large trucking companies are more likely to hire inexperienced drivers than small owner-operator fleets. Companies like Werner, Schneider, Swift, and Heartland Express have formal entry-level programs and hire hundreds of new drivers annually. Smaller regional carriers may also hire new drivers but often require more experience. Job boards like Indeed, TruckersReport, and company websites list openings. Recruiters also attend truck driving schools and contact graduates directly.
When explore, be honest about your experience level. Companies expect new drivers and have programs for them. Misrepresenting your background is a red flag and can result in rejection or termination after hire. Ask potential employers about their mentoring programs, pay structure, home time, and contract terms before committing.
Networking matters in trucking. Drivers you meet during training or at truck stops can recommend companies or warn you about problematic ones. Online forums and social media groups for truck drivers are also sources of real feedback about hiring practices and working conditions.
Timeline and Costs Summary
| Stage | Timeline | Cost (Independent School) | Cost (Employer-Sponsored) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Training program | 3–8 weeks | $3,000–$7,000 | Free or low-cost |
| CDL testing | 1–2 weeks after training | $100–$300 (varies by state) | $100–$300 (varies by state) |
| Job search and hiring | 1–4 weeks | None | None |
| Mentoring period (if applicable) | 4–12 weeks | Reduced or unpaid | Reduced or unpaid |
Total time from starting training to your first paycheck is typically three to four months. If you choose an employer-sponsored program, you save the upfront tuition but commit to working for that company. If you attend an independent school, you pay out of pocket but have freedom to choose your employer.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a high school diploma or GED to get a CDL?
Most states do not require a diploma or GED to test for a CDL, but many trucking companies do as a hiring requirement. Check your state's CDL requirements and ask potential employers about their education standards before enrolling in training.
Can I get a CDL if I have a criminal record?
It depends on the offense and how long ago it occurred. Felonies, especially those involving drugs or violence, typically disqualify you. Misdemeanors may not. Contact your state's DMV and ask potential employers directly about their background check policies before investing in training.
What happens if I fail the CDL skills test?
You can retake it, usually after paying a retest fee. Most people pass on their second attempt if they completed training. Your school may offer additional practice or tutoring before you retake the test.
Do I have to work for the company that trained me?
Only if you signed an employer-sponsored training contract. Independent school graduates are free to work for any company that hires them. Read any contract carefully before signing — some include non-compete clauses or tuition repayment penalties.
What is the difference between a CDL Class A and Class B?
A Class A CDL allows you to drive the largest trucks (tractor-trailers and doubles). A Class B is for smaller commercial vehicles like buses or straight trucks. Most entry-level trucking jobs require a Class A. Training programs typically prepare you for Class A unless you specify otherwise.