An F Endorsement Lets You Drive a Motorized Bicycle or Moped

An F Endorsement is a license notation that permits you to operate a motorized bicycle or moped — a vehicle with an engine of 50cc or smaller and pedals. The exact definition varies by state, but most states use engine displacement (measured in cubic centimeters, or cc) as the dividing line. A motorized bicycle typically has an engine under 50cc and retains working pedals; a moped has a small engine, an automatic transmission, and may or may not have pedals.

You do not need an F Endorsement to ride a regular bicycle. You need one only if the bicycle has a motor attached. Some states call this endorsement by different names — a motorized bicycle endorsement, a moped endorsement, or a limited-use endorsement — but the function is the same: it shows you have met the state's requirements to operate that class of vehicle on public roads.

The endorsement appears on your driver's license as a letter code. You cannot legally ride a motorized bicycle or moped without it, even if you hold a regular driver's license. Riding without the endorsement can result in a traffic citation and fines.

Key Takeaways

  • An F Endorsement permits you to operate a motorized bicycle or moped with an engine of 50cc or smaller on public roads.
  • Requirements vary by state but typically include a written test, a practical riding test, and proof of identity and residency.
  • You must be a minimum age — usually 15 or 16 — to obtain an F Endorsement in most states.
  • The endorsement is added to your existing driver's license or issued as a separate license class, depending on your state's system.
  • Some states waive the riding test if you complete an approved motorized bicycle safety course.

Age Requirements and Minimum Qualifications

Most states set a minimum age of 15 or 16 to obtain an F Endorsement, though some allow riders as young as 14. A few states have no minimum age but require parental consent for minors. Check your state's motor vehicle department website for the exact age rule in your jurisdiction.

You must also hold a valid state ID or driver's license, or be in the process of obtaining one. Some states allow you to get an F Endorsement without a full driver's license — you would receive a limited license that covers only motorized bicycles and mopeds. Others require you to hold a regular driver's license first.

You will need to provide proof of identity and residency, just as you would for any license or endorsement. A birth certificate, passport, or state ID card typically satisfies the identity requirement. A utility bill, lease, or bank statement usually covers residency.

Written Test and Knowledge Requirements

Most states require you to pass a written test covering motorized bicycle and moped operation, traffic laws, and safety. The test is usually administered at your state's motor vehicle office and covers topics like proper signaling, right-of-way rules, helmet laws, and how to handle the vehicle in different weather and road conditions.

The written test is typically shorter and less detailed than the test for a full driver's license. Many states allow you to study using a free online manual or a printed handbook available at the motor vehicle office. Some states offer practice tests online so you can see the format and types of questions before you take the real test.

You usually must score at least 70 or 80 percent to pass, depending on your state. If you fail, you can retake the test after a waiting period — often a few days to a week.

Practical Riding Test and Safety Course Options

Most states require a practical riding test in which you demonstrate that you can safely operate a motorized bicycle or moped. The test is conducted by a motor vehicle examiner at a designated testing location. You will be asked to perform tasks such as starting the vehicle, accelerating, braking, turning, and parking.

The examiner watches for safe handling, proper use of signals, awareness of traffic, and smooth control of the vehicle. The test usually takes 10 to 20 minutes and is conducted on a closed course or in a controlled area, not on public roads.

Many states waive the practical riding test if you complete an approved motorized bicycle safety course. These courses are offered by community colleges, motorcycle safety organizations, and some private instructors. The course typically includes classroom instruction and a hands-on riding component. If you pass the course, you receive a certificate that you can present to the motor vehicle office in place of the riding test.

Documents You Will Need to Bring

Gather these documents before you visit the motor vehicle office:

  • Proof of identity (birth certificate, passport, or state ID card)
  • Proof of residency (utility bill, lease, or bank statement)
  • Your current driver's license or state ID, if you have one
  • A safety course certificate, if you completed one and are using it to waive the riding test
  • Any other documents your state requires (check the motor vehicle office website)

Some states also require a vision test, so be prepared for that. If you wear glasses or contacts, bring them with you. A few states require proof of Social Security number, though this is becoming less common.

Cost and Timeline

The fee for an F Endorsement varies by state, typically ranging from $10 to $50. If you take a safety course to waive the riding test, the course itself usually costs $100 to $300, depending on the provider and whether it includes the use of a vehicle for the hands-on portion.

The timeline depends on how quickly you can schedule your tests. If you take the written test and riding test on the same day, you could have your endorsement within a few hours. If you choose to take a safety course first, add the course duration — usually one or two days — plus the time to schedule your written test afterward.

Once you pass all requirements, the endorsement is typically added to your license on the spot or mailed to you within a few days, depending on your state's system.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need an F Endorsement if my motorized bicycle is under 50cc?

Yes, in most states. The 50cc threshold is the standard cutoff, but check your state's definition — some states use different engine sizes or classify vehicles differently. Your state motor vehicle office can tell you whether your specific vehicle requires an endorsement.

Can I take the safety course instead of the riding test?

In most states, yes. An approved motorized bicycle safety course waives the practical riding test. You still must pass the written test. The course teaches you how to operate the vehicle safely and gives you hands-on practice, so you do not have to demonstrate your skills to an examiner.

What happens if I ride a motorized bicycle without an F Endorsement?

You can be cited for operating an unendorsed vehicle, which is typically a traffic violation. Fines vary by state but can range from $50 to $300 or more. You may also be required to obtain the endorsement before you can legally ride again.

Can I get an F Endorsement if I do not have a driver's license?

It depends on your state. Some states issue a limited motorized bicycle license without requiring a full driver's license. Others require you to hold a driver's license first. Contact your state motor vehicle office to learn what is required in your jurisdiction.

How long does an F Endorsement last?

An F Endorsement is typically valid for the same period as your driver's license — usually four to eight years, depending on your state. When your license expires, you renew the endorsement along with it.